What is e-governance II short note on e-governance II e-governance

 E-Governance

E-Governance also known as electronic governance is the implementation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)  in the government department . The e-Governance is basically associated with carrying out the functions and achieving the results of governance through the utilizations of ICT (Information and Communications Technology) . Electronic governance or e-governance is the application of information and communication technology (ICT) for delivering government services, exchange of information, communication transactions, integration of various stand-alone systems and services between government-to-customer ( G2C) , government-to-business (G2B) etc. The use of E-governance is to overcome the boundaries i.e. is of a traditional paper-based system. It is the enhancement of current government.

 E-governance purposes

E-governance has following purposes:

• Ø  Easy access to single point delivery of public services to citizens.
• Ø  Higher penetration due to automation.
• Ø  Increased efficiency due to connectivity.
• Ø  Increased accountability
• Ø  Reduction in cost of delivery services
• Ø  Increased transparency
• Ø  Higher availability of public domain information
• Ø  Reduced corruption

 

Differences between E-governance and traditional government

Electronic Government	Traditional Government
i.The electronic Government is paper less government system.	i. The traditional Government is paper based government .
ii. The electronic Government is fast and reliable in service delivery.	ii.The traditional Government is slow in service and delivery and unreliable.
iii. The electronic Government control and reduces the corruption.	iii. The traditional Government increases the corruption.

 

Stages of E-governance

To measures progress for e-Government initiatives and to establish a road map to achieve the desired levels of constituency service there are generally four distinct phases. This can serve as a reference to position where a project fits in the overall evolution of an e-Government strategy.

 Information:

This stage is classified by a simple information-providing Web site of a passive nature, sometimes described as "brochure ware", indicating the same level of functions as a paper brochure.

Interaction:

The interaction stage offers simple interactions between government and citizen (G2C) ,government  to business (G2B) , or government agency to government agency (G2G) , Interaction stage Web sites provide e-mail contact and interactive forms that generate informational responses.

Transaction:

The transactional stage enables transactions such as paying for license renewals online, paying taxes or fees, or submitting bids for procurement contracts.

Transformation:

The highest stage, most closely aligned with the concept of governance, involves a reinvention of how government functions are conceived and organized

Types of E-governance

Government-to-Citizen (G2C)

The Government-to-citizen refers to the government services that are accessed by the familiar people. And most of the government services fall under G2C. Likewise, the primary goal of Government-to-citizen is to provide facilities to the citizen. It helps the ordinary people to reduce the time and cost to conduct a transaction. A citizen can have access to the services anytime from anywhere. Furthermore, Many services like license renewals and paying tax are essential in G2C. Likewise, spending the administrative fee online is also possible due to G2C. The facility of Government-to-citizen enables the ordinary citizen to overcome time limitation. It also focuses on geographical land barriers.

Government-to-business (G2B)

The Government to business is the exchange of services  between Government and Business organizations. It is efficient for both government and business organizations. G2B provides access to relevant forms needed to comply. The G2B also consists of many services exchanged between business sectors and government. Similarly, the Government to business provides Timely business information. And A business organization can have easy and convenient online access to government agencies. G2B plays a crucial role in business development. It enhances the efficiency and quality of communication and transparency of government projects.

Government-to-Government (G2G)

The government-to-government refers to the interaction between different government department, organizations, and agencies. This increases the efficiency of government processes. In G2G, government agencies can share the same database using online communication. The government departments can work together. This service can increase international diplomacy and relations. In conclusion, G2G services can be at the local level or the international level. It can communicate with global government and local government as well. Likewise, it provides safe and secure interrelationship between domestic or foreign government. G2G constructs a universal database for all member states to enhance service.

Government-to-Employee (G2E)

The Government-to-Employee is the internal part of G2G sector. Furthermore, G2E aims to bring employees together and improvise knowledge sharing. Similarly, G2E provides online facilities to the employees such as applying for leave, reviewing salary payment record and checking the balance of holiday etc. The G2E sector provides human resource training and development. So, G2E is also the relationship between employees, government institutions, and their management.