Concept of Human Resource Development

Human Resource Development (HRD) refers to the field of training and development provided by organizations to increase the knowledge, skills and education, and abilities of their employees or any other trainees or students. In many organizations, the human resource development process begins upon the hiring of a new employee and continues throughout that employee's tenure with the organization. It is one of the major responsibilities of government as well. HRD  is designed to give people the knowledge and skill they need to contribute the national development and economic progress. 

Need and Importance of HRD 

a) Function of Management 

Managerial skill is very important for any sort of developmental tasks. Management of human activities and utilizing the human skill appropriately result in the achievement of expected level of development. Management skills may be of different categories. Management skills may be of different categories. Some important aspects of them are administrative management, cost and financial management, technological management etc. 

b) Effective utility 

HRD aims to prepare such set of manpower that can maximize the utilization of resources in most efficient manner. Effective utility of manpower itself and the utility of natural resources and agricultural resources are major functions of Human Resource Development. People living at a particular place know about the available natural resources around them. They can identify them quickly and easily if they have knowledge about identifying the resources. Available natural resources can be mobilized only with the help of expert manpower. Similarly, agricultural activities need active participation of people to work in the field and to carry out harvesting crops. Nowadays, agriculture, is practiced in advanced ways with technological innovations and modern methods. Biological engineering and hybrid techniques have increased the total yield of agricultural production. It has become possible due to the development of human resources. 

c) Motivation 

In order to efficient and optimum use of human resources, there needs continuous motivation from the higher level of administrative personnel.  Incentive plans, trainings, participation in the decision-making process, planning for future are some of the techniques of motivating people. It is possible with well-trained human resources. 

d) Improvement of Human Relations 

Human relations are related to the mental peace and social adjustment of human life. It improves the productivity of human labor and time invested by them in a particular work. Sound relations among the employees improve the quality of workplace satisfaction, effective communication, supervision, leadership and cooperation among them. 

Process of Human Development 

Human resources are very useful for the developmental tasks. Works done by efficient manpower is obviously capable of producing better results as per the expectations. It is a systematic and sequential process with predetermined steps. The steps are given below: 

a) Estimation of the Need of Human Resource

It is the first stage of human resource development. There are several categories of human resources with multiple knowledge and skills. For a country or society, there need certain categories of human resources. It is determined by the current need of manpower experienced by the contemporary society and nation. 

b) Assessment of the Current Human Resource

The present need and availability of human resources are compared at the second stage of HRD process. It helps to design and estimate the size of expected goal of human resources to be developed. 

c) Forecasting the Future need of Human Resource

HRD is a long process that enhances human psychomotor skills and analytical compatibilities in people. Therefore, it cannot  be prepared instantly when the need is felt. In order to fulfill the need of human resources for a predicted future, potential need of human resources required in that future conditions and circumstances should be forecasted earlier. Then, it is required to enroll the required number of people for the development of required compatibilities in them.

d) Development of Employment program

Employment opportunities are very essential for the development of human resources. People are searching new jobs and opportunities. Even in working environment, some employees are always seeking for new challenges and additional responsibilities.

e) Training and Development Program

This stage of HRD process is the stage for execution of skill development in people. Training, teaching, workshops, lab-operations, field-visits and such other skill development processes are executed in order to gain the expected level of competence in human resources.