Introduction to human resource development II What is human resource development

For learning human resource development, at first we need to know about human resource and it's importance. 

What is human resource?

Human resource are those people who are physically and mentally active, aware, socially healthy, skilled, capable and are rational thinkers. Human resource is the key and crucial factor for development. It plans, executes, finalizes and analyzes all sorts of developmental tasks. Human resource can be categorized to unskilled, semi-skilled, skilled and highly skilled manpower. 

What are the importance of human resource development? 

Human resource is very important in developmental works because of the following ways: 

• To identify and mobilize the natural resources
• To increase the agricultural production 
• To utilize the physical property in proper ways. 
• To carry out the social development through social campaign, NGOs and INGOs. 
• To utilize the products of development in wise ways. 
• To integrate the concept of sustainable development in general developmental works. 
• To conserve the environment along with developmental works. 
• To gain economic progress through development. 

Introduction to Human Resource Development 

Human Resource Development (HRD) refers to the field of training and development provided by organizations to increase the knowledge, skills, education, and abilities of their employees or any other trainees or students. In many organizations, the human resources development process begins upon the hiring of a new employee and continues throughout that employee's tenure with the organization. It is one of the major responsibilities of government as well. HR development is designed to give people the knowledge and skill that they need to contribute the national development and economic progress. 

Need and importance of HRD (human resource development) 

a) Function of management 

Managerial skill is very important for any sort of developmental tasks. Management of human activities and utilizing the human skill appropriately result in the achievement of expected level of development. Management skills may be of different categories. Some important aspects of them are administrative management, resource management, cost and financial management, technological management etc. 

b) Effective Utility 

HRD aims to prepare such set of manpower that can maximize the utilization of resources in most efficient manner. Effective utility of manpower itself and the utility of natural resources and agricultural resources are major functions of Human Resource Development. People living at a particular place know about the available natural resources around them. They can identify them quickly and easily if they have knowledge about identifying the resources. Available natural resources can be mobilized only with the help of expert manpower. Similarly, agricultural activities need active participation of people to work in the field and to carry out harvesting crops. Nowadays, agriculture is practiced in advance ways with technological innovations and modern methods. Biological engineering and hybrid techniques have increased the total yield of agricultural production. It has become possible due to the development of human resources. 

c) Motivation 

In order to efficient and optimum use of human resources, three needs continuous motivation from the higher level of administrative personnel. Incentive plans, trainings, participation in the decision-making process, planning for future are some of the techniques of motivating people. It is possible with well-trained human resources. 

d) Improvement of Human Relations 

Human relations are related to the mental peace and social adjustment of human life. It improves the productivity of human labor and time invested by them in a particular task. Sound relations among the employees improve the quality of workplace satisfaction, effective communication, supervision, leadership and cooperation among them.

e) Higher Productivity 

Productivity is the ratio of total output over total investment. Investment is accounted in terms of capital investment, running expenses and utilization of mind and time. Effective mobilization of natural resources, efficient capital management, energy saving and such other productivity-enhancing performance can be possible only with the trained human resources. 

Process of Human Development 

Human resource are very useful for the developmental tasks. Works done by efficient manpower is obviously capable of producing better results as per the expectations. It is a systemic and sequential process with predetermined steps. The steps are given below: 

a) Estimation of the need of human resource 

It is the first stage of human resource development. There are several categories of human resources with multiple knowledge and skills. For a country or society, there need certain categories of human resources.  It is determined by the current need of manpower experienced by the contemporary society and the nation. 

b) Assessment of the Current Human Resource 

The present need and availability of human resources are compared at this second stage of HRD process. It helps to design and estimate the size of expected goal of human resources to be developed. 

c) Forecasting the Future Need of Human Resource

HRD is a long process that enhances human psychomotor skills and analytical compatibilities in people. Therefore, it cannot be prepared instantly when the need is felt. In order to fulfill the need of human resources for a predicted future, potential need of human resources required in that future conditions and circumstances should be forecasted earlier. Then, it is required to enroll the required number of people for the development of required compatibilities in them. 

d) Development of Employment program 

Employment opportunities are very essential for the development of human resources. People are searching new jobs and opportunities. Even in working environment, some employees are always seeking for new challenges and additional responsibilities. 

e) Training and Development Program 

This stage of HRD process is the stage for execution of skill development in people. Training, teaching, workshops, lab-operations, field-visits and such other skill development processes are executed in order to gain the expected level of competence in human resources.